Ancient Assyrian known Kassi cities as Karkashi. "Kar" means "place of rest or residing" and "Kashi" is the name of as Assyrians . Those who study about Assyrian believe that Karkashi. at present time is city of Hamedan. Famous French archeologist, Giryeshman believes that Hegmataneh (vaksia) was city of Kasis and in general we could mentioned that it has been made by one or Arian tribes known as Medes who held the first Iranian government there. But result or researches show that this city before appointing as capital by Medes also existed and Kasis were living there. Then Kasis with a number of Aryan Formed Medes . After  domination on Assyrian violance.  Medes formed their government and elected Karkashi as their capital and since That time named this city Hegmataneh.

Medes were a group of Aryans who travel from southern part of Sibiri to Iranian desert and resided in west part of Iran.A number of factors such as cultural and social growth. Interchanges, negotiation with native tribes, powerful neighbours and new political and social needs: casued them to be united and established a strong government: in such a way that, powerful nation of Assyrian was obliterated by this new government for ever.

Today all archerologists known Hegmataneh ancient hill located in Center of Hamedan as remaining parts of bull dings of Kasi. Medcs, Achaemenidac. The area of this hill is 30 hectares and with considering those limits which were parts of ancient hill but today residential building have been built: Its area is 40 hectares.
This ellipsic hill is located in present city of Hamedan. along two sides of Ekbatan street. "Hegmataneh" or "Hengmataneh" in old persian meant place of gathering. It is Combination of "Hang" (it means place) and "Mataneh"(it means gathering). In Greek it changed to "Ekbatana" and in Eilami inscription to "Agmatano" Some believes that "Emdaneh" or "Amaday" in Pilser inscription (son of a Assyrian king) was this place in Armanian it is known as Ehmatan: in Sarrani and Pahlavi it is known as Hamedan and in Arabic it is known as Hamedan and in Old Testament it is called Ehtemana.

Also a number of Sasanid coins were found in which Ehmatan was engraved. The first written mention to Medes and their land is in 24th year book of charl Marnerz the 3rd (836 B.A) and Sargen the 2nd (751 B.A) which named this nation "Maday" or "Amaday".
Greek historian also told that this city was the Capital of Medes.( end of 8th century to 1st half of 6th century B.A) and After their demolition, used II as one of the Achaemenidae capitals (Their sum their capital and even their treasury).

Statement of Herdoat an Greek historian in 51h century B.A; is the most important source of our knowledge. He believed that the initial building of this city is related to Diaeko; the first king of Medes (728 B.A) unsuitable political and economical position of Medes Increased power of Diaeko.
Other Greek historians, such as Polybios, Kenzias, Jostian, Geznofen Also collected our information about Hegmatanch. After appointing of Hegmataneh as Capital by Diaeko: he decided to construct a Consolidate palace which consists of sevev palaces, each one inside the other. in such a Way that king palace and treasury was located In seventh one. Painters painted walls with different colors as follows: while, black, purple, blue, orange and the last two Palaces, golden and silver. King's palace, as final one, had hunderd rooms. People constructed their buildings around them. People left their small cities and chose capital as their residence by order of Diaeco.
Greek historian, Pelibious (204-132 BC) wrote: Hegmataneh city with strong palace was located in Oren (Alvand) mountain and king's palace was inside seven ramparts. Its construction style and decoration were very exaggerated, all woods, doors and pillars were covered by gold one could not find an item Without decoration, even tiles inside the palaces were covered with silver and all wooden items were made of cypress and deal. Kenzias-Greek historian and famous physician of Ardeshir the 2nd (305A04 BC) wrote: Semiramin, princess of Asyri. Visited the suitable position of the city and ordered to conSlnlct a Palace, but there was not enough sources of water. Therefore, she ordered to construct a canal began from top of Mount Orent (Alvand), in order to provide enough water.
Abubakr Ahmad Ibn-e Mohammad Eshagh Hamedani known as Ibn-e Faghih quoted a statement from a Persian scientist in his "Al- baladan" (290 AH) " Hamedan was the biggest city of the lime and had an area or Four Farsang. " Bakht ol-Nasr conquered Jerusalem, then he sent one of his commanders (Saghlab) to occupy Hamedan. but he failed and wrote him I come to a city with high rampal1, numerous people and many rivers around". After decline of Medes. this city became the summer Capital of Achaemnidae and flourished, due to locating along the Imperial road, which connected Parseh (Persepolis) to Sared.

During confrontation between Darius the 3rd and Alexander, Hegmataneh was a ruined city. On the proposal of his Friends, Darius ordered to construct a complex which was called Sarough it had 300 secret rooms for keeping precious objects and eight iron gates, every gate had two layers with a height of 12 Gaz.
There was no agreement between Greek and Muslim historians, about the manner of construction and founders of Hegmataneh. In addition, there were different ideas about its place, but great archeologists and historians such as Lale Mostafavi, Professor Grishman. shmit, Lousha and Peradara believed that The hill in the Hamedan is the exact place of Hegmataneh. In Recent years, archeological Exploitation shows that; place of Palaces and mentioned sites, is Hegmataneh hill.

Results of Hegmataneh hill exploitation show that there was an accurate water pipe Network in capital of Medes and Parthians, there were passages with 3 meters between canals coverd with square shape bricks. Scientific excavation in hill dates back 10 1913, when a French Committee from Louver museum under supervision of chari Foussi bad done researches there. but its result did not published.
 During 10 sessions of exploitation from 1983 to 1999, Approximately 14000 square meter of it were investigated, during which one of the ,ancient civilization was recognized. In excavations that had done from 1983 by a group under the supervision of Or.Mahrnoud Rahim Sarraf, a big city was explored inside the hill. Researches show that in distance of 35 meters between passageways; located 2 construction sites. Each includes a centeral courtyard with circluar rooms and warehouses.

Its area is 17.5 meters. The said mentioned passages with width of 3.5 meter and brick foundation were in northeast direction toward south west.  A blockhouse  with dimension of 9 meters and height of 8 meters found all around the city. It had strong towers to protect the city.
In general, Iranian and foreign Archeolo­gists had done various excavations in this hill during last century. Its outstanding architecture plan and items are very valuable. Researches show that most or the excavated items are belonged to Achaemenidae and their ancestors.